Edward Hasbrouck (The Practical Nomad) has this great post on his blog:
The U.S. Constitution only hints at travel in the First Amendment: “Congress shall make no law … abridging … the right of the people peaceably to assemble.” But freedom of travel is much more explicitly recognized in the fundamental international documents of human rights than in those of U.S. Constitutional civil liberties:
“Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each state. Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country.” — Universal Declaration of Human Rights , Article 13
“Everyone lawfully within the territory of a State shall, within that territory, have the right to liberty of movement and freedom to choose his residence. Everyone shall be free to leave any country, including his own…. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of the right to enter his own country.” — International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights , Article 12
“Liberty of movement is an indispensable condition for the free development of a person.” — United Nations Human Rights Committee, General Comment No. 27: Freedom of movement
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